Research has shown that many suicides are preventable; however, effective suicide prevention programs require commitment and resources. The public health approach provides a framework for developing preventive interventions: clearly define the problem, identify risk and protective factors, develop and test interventions, implement programs that are based on local needs, and evaluate effectiveness. Programs may be specific to one particular organization, such as a university or a community health center, or they may encompass an entire State.   The programs included in this section include a range of interventions, with comprehensive and coordinated programs fostering planning and program development work.